What PMI is, what it costs, and how to get rid of it
Private mortgage insurance protects your lender, not you. Here is how it is priced, what it adds to a real payment, and the two dates it can come off.
Private mortgage insurance is what a lender charges you for the risk of lending more than 80% of a home's value. It protects the lender if you default. It does nothing for you — which is why every dollar of it is worth removing as fast as you reasonably can.
What drives the price
Two things, mainly:
- Loan-to-value. 5% down is priced very differently from 15% down. Each step toward 20% cuts the rate.
- Credit score. The same loan can cost three times as much in PMI at a 620 score as at 800.
The scenario below starts at 15% down so you can see the PMI line in the breakdown. Change the down payment to 20% and watch it disappear — then look at what the suggestion panel says about how long it would take you to save the difference.
The two dates that matter
PMI has a cancellation point and a termination point, and they are not the same. Once your balance hits 80% of the original purchase price, you can ask your servicer to remove it. If you never ask, they must drop it automatically at 78%. The gap between those two dates is often a year or more of premiums you did not have to pay, so the calculator marks both.
Four ways out
- Put 20% down. No PMI, and a smaller loan.
- Pay down to 80% faster. Extra payments hit principal directly, and the schedule shows the month you cross the line.
- Request removal at 80%. Free, and it needs nothing but a phone call — and sometimes an appraisal.
- Improve your credit before you lock. Moving up a band lowers the premium for as long as you carry it.
Related: 15-year vs 30-year · What loan-to-value means · How we estimate PMI